Investigating the effect of adding Pumice and combining it with diatomite powder on compressive strength and water absorption of cement paste

Document Type : Original Research

Authors
F. nouri 1
J. chakherlou 1
B. Shervani Tabar 2
1 Faculty of Engineering, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
2 member of Academy Staff Civil Eng. Department, Faculty of Engineering, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
Abstract
The main material that causes aggregates to adhere to each other and forms a hard object called concrete is the cement paste. Cement paste consists of cement and water. Obviously, the higher the strength of the cement paste, the ultimate strength of the concrete made from the dough will be high. In this research, an additive material as powdered pumice of Bneh-Kohul mine near Bostan Abad and another additive as Mamaghan diatomite were added to the cement paste. Because these two materials have pozzolanic properties, they will exhibit their cementitious properties in close proximity to our cementitious materials and, as a result, are considered as cement materials. Symptoms related to the naming of different mixture ratios are clearly identified in both tables 4 and 5. In brief, the signs that contain the letter P include Pumice Powder and PD symptoms, including Pumice Powder and Diatomite Powder. The ratio of water to cement materials is considered to be 0.35 and 0.4. The results of the experiments have shown that, in terms of water absorption during treatment, all samples gradually absorb water and also show that hydration reactions of cement materials and the formation of crystals continue to occur regularly. In terms of water absorption of 28-day samples according to the ASTM standard, the results show that the porosity of our dough with different ratios of Pumice Powder or combination of Pumice Powder and diatomite powder, and this porosity is increased by 0.35% To 0.4%. Water absorption during treatment indicates the progression of hydration reactions. While water absorption of concrete specimens at 28 days of age, according to ASTM C642-06, indicates the internal porosity of concrete, including occlusive bubbles and Capillary tubes. It should be noted that the water density of the gel was higher than that of the ordinary water and was about 1.1, and the density of the molecular water inside the crystals resulting from the hydration reactions was higher than that of the gel water. In terms of the compressive strength of doughs that only have pumice powder additive, their 28-day compressive strength has a loss of resistance, and also for these samples at 90-day age, a slight drop of resistance is observed for the water-to-cement ratio of 0.35 However, for the 0.4% cement ratio, about 10% increased resistance. In the samples that were added to the pumice powder and diatomite powder as additive, the compressive strength changes were as follows: a) for the water-to-cement ratio of 0.35 at the age of 28 days and 90 days, an average increase of 6% Resistance is present and increases resistance for the optimum additive (25%).

b) For water-cement ratio 0.4% at 28 days for 20% additive of compound powder, compressive strength reduction is noticeable, but in the 90-day life it is 5% stronger and for 25% additive compound powder at the age of 28-day and 90-day, both increase in compressive strength of 9% and 16%, respectively. Therefore, adding of the combined of Bostan Abad Pumice Powder and Diatomite Powder is recommended.

Keywords

Subjects

[1]. ACI 306R-88, 1997 Cold Weather Concreting Reported by ACI Committee-306.
[2]. ACI 305R-91, Hot Weather Concreting Reported by ACI Committee-305.
[3]. Kliger, P. 1985 Effect of Mixing and Curing Temperature on Concrete Strength", Journal Of the American Concrete Institute, Volume54, Number12, pp.1063-1081.
[4]. Howeidafar, k., Qaderi, b. 2016 the effect of pozzolan Pumice Qarveh on the strength of concrete, Third Congress of new horizons in the field of civil engineering, architecture, culture and urban management, Tehran, Association for the Development and Promotion of Science and Technology Fundamental, (In Persian).
[5]. Degirmenci, N., Yilmaz, A. 2009 Use of diatomite as partial replacement for Portland cement in cement mortars, Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 284-288.
[6]. Karaman, S., Oztoprak, B., Sisman, C. B. 2015 Usage Possibilities of Diatomite in the Concrete Production for Agricultural Buildings, Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences, Vol. 11, pp. 31.
[7]. roghee Satah JO. 2006 Evaluation of Lightweight Concrete Mixtures for Bridge Deck and Prestressed Bridge Girder Applications, Thesis for The Degree Master of Science, Department of Civil Engineering, Kansas State University.
[8]. Zhang, M.H, gjorv, O.E. 1991 Mechanical properties of high-strenght lightweight concrete, ACI Material journal, Vol. 88, No. 3, pp.240-247.
[9]. Kastis, D., Kakali, G., Tsivilis, S., Stamatakis, M. G. 2006 properties and hydration of blended cemens with calcareous diatomite”, cement concrete, Vol. 36, No. 10, pp. 1821-6.
[10]. Rezaei B. 1996 Studying and studying the dynamical properties of diatomite from the perspective of processing, Amirkabir Journal of Scientific Research, Volume 19, Issue 1, Pages 31-39, (In Persian).
[11]. Ivanov, S. E., Belyakov, A. V. 2008 Diatomite and its applications, Glass and Ceramics. Springer Nature; Jan; Vol. 65, pp. 48–51.
[12]. ASTM Standard C 109/C 109M-08, Standard test method for compressive strength of hydraulic cement mortars (using 2-in. or [50-mm] cube specimens), American society of testing and materials, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA.
[13]. ASTM C642-06, 2006. “Standard Test Method for Density, Absorption,and Voids in Hardened Concrete”, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
[14]. ASTM C496/C496M-04, (2004), “Standard Test Method for Splitting Strength of Cylindrical Concrete”, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
Modares Civil Engineering journal
Volume 20, Issue 2
May and June 2020
Pages 99-109