ارزیابی پاسخ قاب خمشی فولادی در برابر آتش‌سوزی پس از انفجار

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل (کامل)

نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد، مجتمع دانشگاهی پدافند غیرعامل، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر
2 استادیار، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر، مجتمع دانشگاهی پدافند غیرعامل
چکیده
آتش­سوزی و انفجار اغلب هم­افزایی دارند. آتش‌سوزی ممکن است پس از وقوع انفجار رخ دهد و یا اینکه ابتدا آتش­سوزی رخ دهد و متعاقب آن انفجار ایجاد شود. عواقب سناریوی ترکیبی آتش و انفجار در رابطه با هر یک از اجزا باید در طراحی یا ارزیابی سازه در نظر گرفته شود. تجزیه‌وتحلیل آتش و انفجار باید باهم انجام شود و اثرات یکی بر دیگری با دقت تجزیه‌وتحلیل شود. در اغلب تحقیقات و دستورالعمل­های طراحی، پدیده آتش­سوزی و انفجار مستقل از هم مورد بررسی قرار می­گیرند و اندرکنش آن­ها کمتر مورد ملاحظه قرار می­گیرد. در این تحقیق به این مهم پرداخته می­شود و آتش­سوزی پس از انفجار و اندرکنش و هم­افزایی این دو پدیده با هم مطالعه می­شود. سازه مورد مطالعه یک سازه­ی فولادی دو طبقه با کاربری­های مختلف (مسکونی، اداری و ...) می­باشد که تحت انفجارهای مختلف و به‌تبع آن تحت آتش­سوزی ناشی از تجهیزات داخل ساختمان قرار می­گیرد. بارگذاری انفجاری با استفاده از نمودارهای دستورالعمل UFC 3-340-02 و بار آتش با استفاده از مفهوم چگالی آتش و روابط آیین­نامه‌های EUROCODE 1 و EUROCODE 3 محاسبه شده است. جهت شبیه­سازی بارگذاری انفجاری و حرارتی، از نرم­افزار اجزای محدود آباکوس و تحلیل دینامیکی توأم حرارتی- تغییر شکل استفاده شده است. دمای ناشی از آتش­سوزی، به­صورت آتش طبیعی بکار رفته است و مرحله سرمایش و پس از سرمایش آتش­سوزی نیز مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. پس از صحت­سنجی شبیه­سازی پیشنهادی با دو کار آزمایشگاهی معتبر، تحلیل پاسخ سازه در برابر انواع بارهای انفجاری و آتش­سوزی­های متعاقب توسط مدل عددی انجام شد. نتایج این بررسی­ها نشان داد که پاسخ و تغییر شکل سازه در تحلیل ترکیبی زنجیره‌ای (اعمال اندرکنش انفجار و آتش­سوزی روی سازه) نسبت به تحلیل ترکیبی مستقل (تحلیل مستقل سازه در برابر انفجار و آتش و جمع زدن پاسخ­ها باهم) تا 15% افزایش دارد و در نظر گرفتن اندرکنش انفجار و آتش نه‌تنها مهم بلکه ضروری می­باشد و عدم در نظر گرفتن این اندرکنش در اغلب موارد موجب پاسخ­های کمتر از واقعیت سازه و در نتیجه سبب طراحی غیر ایمن خواهد شد

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Evaluating the Response of the Steel Bending Frame Against Fire After the Explosion

نویسندگان English

H. Salimi Mozafarabadi 1
S.A. Hosseini 2
1 Master's Degree, Faculty of Passive Defense, Malek Ashtar University of Technology
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Passive Defense, Malek Ashtar University of Technology
چکیده English

Fire and explosion are often synergistic. A fire may occur after an explosion or a fire may occur first and then an explosion occurs. The consequences of a combined fire and explosion scenario about each component must be considered in the design or evaluation of the structure. The analysis of fire and explosion should be done together and the effects of one on the other should be carefully analyzed. In most researches and design guidelines, fire and explosion phenomena are investigated independently and their interaction is less considered. In this research, this issue is addressed and the fire after the explosion and the interaction and synergy of these two phenomena are studied together. The studied structure is a two-story steel structure with different occupancy (dwelling, office, etc.). which is subject to various explosions and as a result fire caused by the equipment inside the building. Explosive loading has been calculated using UFC 3-340-02 instruction charts and fire load using the concept of fire density and relationships of EUROCODE 1 and EUROCODE 3 regulations. In order to simulate explosive and thermal loading, Abaqus finite element software and combined thermal-deformation dynamic analysis have been used. The temperature caused by the fire has been used as a natural fire, and the cooling and post-cooling stages of the fire have also been investigated. After validating the proposed simulation with two valid laboratory works, the analysis of the structure's response against various types of explosive loads and subsequent fires was performed by a numerical model. The results of these investigations showed that the response and deformation of the structure in the chain combined analysis (applying the interaction of explosion and fire on the structure) compared to the independent combined analysis (independent analysis of the structure against explosion and fire and collecting the responses together) It increases by 15%, and considering the interaction of explosion and fire is not only important but also necessary, and not considering this interaction in most cases will cause the response of the structure to be less than the reality, and as a result, it will cause an unsafe design.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Explosion
Fire
Abaqus finite element software
multiple cascading incidents
Interaction between explosion and fire
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