استفاده از پتانسیل سطحی و فاز‌های نگهداشت برای انتخاب بهینه‌ی مواد شدت‌بخشی در رفع آلودگی از کائولینیت

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل (کامل)

نویسندگان
وحید رضا اوحدی 1
محمد امین فرهپور 2
1 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، هیئت علمی وابسته دانشکده عمران، دانشگاه تهران
2 دانشگاه بوعلی سینا
10.22034.24.3.165
چکیده
وجود سایت‌های آلوده از مشکلات متداول در کشورهای مختلف است. بهسازی الکتروکینتیک یک فن­آوری در حال توسعه است که توجه بسیاری از محققین را به خود جلب نموده است. برای افزایش بازده روش الکتروکینتیک از مواد شیمیایی مختلفی استفاده می‌شود که تحت عنوان شدت‌بخشی شناخته شده است. با این وجود تاکنون یک الگوی مبتنی بر آزمایشات مستدل برای انتخاب مواد مناسب شدت‌بخشی در روش الکتروکینتیک ارائه نشده است. هدف نخست این پژوهش، به تعیین نقش فازهای مختلف خاک در نگهداری فلز سنگین سرب معطوف شده‌است. هدف دوم این مقاله نیز تعیین قابلیت EDTA در رفع آلودگی از فازهای مختلف نگهداری آلاینده در کائولینیت است. به منظور دستیابی به اهداف فوق، یک مجموعه آزمایش تعیین قابلیت نگهداری آلاینده توسط خاک، آزمایش اندازه‌گیری پتانسیل زتای خاک، و یک مجموعه آزمایش استخراج متوالی آلاینده در فقدان و در حضور EDTA انجام شد. بر اساس نتایج تحقیق حاضر، با تعیین روند تغییرات پتانسیل سطحی و فازهای نگهداری آلاینده ذرات رسی می‌توان یک الگوی بهینه شدت‌بخشی برای افزایش راندمان حذف فلزات سنگین طراحی نمود. همچنین، نتایج این تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که در صورت استفاده از دو غلظت 01/0 و 1/0 مولار EDTA، میزان رفع آلودگی از خاک تقریباً مشابه بوده است. همچنین، با استفاده از غلظت cmol/kg-soil 4 ماده شستشو دهنده EDTA و 5 بار شستشو، حدود 87% آلاینده فلز سنگین از نمونه جداسازی شده است. از آنجا که در آزمایش الکتروکینتیک، مکانیزم اصلی رفع آلودگی با استفاده از جریان الکتریسیته مستقیم است و EDTA در عمل نقش شدت‌بخشی در رفع آلاینده دارد به نظر می‌رسد استفاده از غلظت‌های کمتر و با تکرار آبشویی بیشتر، از قابلیت اجرایی و صرفه‌جوئی اقتصادی بزرگ‌تری برخوردار خواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Utilizing Surface Potential and Soil Retention Phases to Optimize the Selection of Enhancement Materials for Contaminant Extraction from Kaolinite

نویسندگان English

Vahid Reza Ouhadi 1
Mohammad Amin Farahpour 2
1 Prof. at Bu-Ali Sina University; Adjunct Prof. at University of Tehran
2 Bu-Ali Sina University
چکیده English

Every year, millions of tons of toxic and hazardous waste, including heavy metals, are generated. Numerous studies have been conducted to develop more effective and environmentally safe methods for removing contaminants from soil. Electrokinetics remediation is an emerging technology that has received significant interest among environmental scientists. The primary mechanisms driving contaminant movement in electrokinetics include ion migration, electro-osmosis, electrolysis, and electrophoresis.

This research primarily aims to ascertain the influence of kaolinite's different phases on the retention of heavy metal contaminants. The secondary goal is to evaluate the efficacy of EDTA in extracting heavy metals from various phases of kaolinite. The results of this study is applicable to optimize the choice of enhancement materials for contaminant removal via electrokinetics, leading to reduced material requirements, consistent contaminant removal throughout the sample, and heightened soil decontamination efficiency.

To meet these objectives, a range of tests were conducted, including batch equilibrium, zeta potential measurement, and selective sequential extraction on kaolinite, contaminated kaolinite, and EDTA-treated contaminated kaolinite samples. The soil sample analyzed contained primarily kaolinite, calcite, and quartz, as revealed by XRD diffraction. Lead nitrate served as the heavy metal contaminant, and the GBC 932 AA Plus apparatus was employed for its quantification. For zeta potential analysis, 0.05 g of soil was mixed with 50 ml of distilled water, agitated on a mechanical shaker, and measured using the Zeta Sizer Nano Zs after pH adjustment. The SSE tests further investigated the role of soil phases in contaminant retention, providing insight for the optimal selection of enhancement materials in electrokinetics remediation.

The findings of this study indicate that by monitoring the variations in soil surface potential and understanding contaminant retention in soil phases, it is possible to propose an optimal enhancement strategy to improve the efficiency of heavy metal removal. The study also reveals that using either 0.01 or 0.1 molar concentrations of EDTA results in a similar level of contaminant extraction. Moreover, applying 4 cmol/kg of EDTA and washing the soil five times can remove approximately 87% of heavy metals. Given that electrokinetics remediation primarily employs electric current for contaminant extraction, using a lower concentration of EDTA combined with multiple soil washes is a more practical and cost-effective approach.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Heavy Metal Contaminant
kaolinite
Electrokinetics
Zeta potential
pH
EDTA
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مهندسی عمران مدرس
دوره 24، شماره 3
مرداد و شهریور 1403
صفحه 165-178