جذب سطحی رنگ کاتیونی از محلول‌های آبی با استفاده از کربن فعال پوست گریپ فروت و روش بهینه سازی تاگوچی

نویسندگان
سیما‌ تیموریان مطلق 1
حمید رضا عظیم زاده 2
سمیه قاسمی 3
اصغر مصلح‌آرانی 4
حمید سودایی‌زاده 2
1 دانش آموخته دانشگاه یزد
2 هیات علمی دانشگاه یزد
3 دانشگاه یزد
4 iهیات علمی دانشگاه یزد
چکیده
رنگ‌ یکی از مهم‌ترین آلاینده‌های موجود در پساب صنایع نساجی است. یکی از روش‌های کارآمد در حذف رنگ از فاضلاب، استفاده از فرآیند جذب سطحی، به خصوص برای حذف آلاینده‌های غیر قابل تجزیه می‌باشد. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی پتانسیل پوست گریپ فروت در حذف رنگ متیلن‌بلو انجام شد. به منظور بهینه‌سازی شرایط جذب، تأثیر عوامل مختلف مانند غلظت اولیه رنگ (400-50 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر)، مقدار جاذب (1-1/0 گرم بر لیتر)، زمان تماس (70-10 دقیقه) و دانه‌بندی جاذب (2-1 میلی‌متر) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای کاهش تعداد آزمایش‌های مورد نیاز و صرفه‌جویی در زمان و هزینه، از روش طرح آزمایش تاگوچی استفاده شد و تعداد آزمایش‌ها از 256 به 64 آزمایش کاهش یافت. خصوصیات سطحی جاذب‌ نیز با استفاده از تبدیل فوریه مادون قرمز و میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد غلظت اولیه رنگزا، بیشترین تأثیر را در فرآیند حذف رنگ داشت. شرایط بهینه آزمایش برای حذف رنگ متیلن‌بلو در زمان 10 دقیقه، غلظت رنگزا 400 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر و مقدار جاذب یک گرم با دانه بندی یک میلی‌متر بدست آمد. مدل لانگمویر با ضریب همبستگی 9738/0 تطابق بهتری را با نتایج نشان داد. با توجه به اینکه pH بهینه حذف رنگ با این جاذب در محدوده 12-8 است و اغلب فاضلاب‌های نساجی دارای pH قلیایی هستند، به نظر می‌رسد این جاذب از پتانسیل مطلوبی جهت حذف رنگزای کاتیونی از پساب برخوردار باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Cationic dye adsorption from aqueous soluble using activated carbon of Grapefruit peel, optimized by Taghuchi method

نویسندگان English

sima Teymourian motlagh 1
Somayeh Ghasemi 3
1 M.A graduate of Environmental Engineering from Yazd University
3 Yazd University
چکیده English

Data showed that by increasing the adsorbent dose, the availability of sorption sites eased resulting in greater percentage removal of the dye. The percent adsorption increased with increased contact time. Maximum quantitative removal of MB from an aqueous solution was obtained in 10 min for GFP contact time. The pH of an aqueous solution is an important factor in dye adsorption, as it affects the surface charge of the sorbent material and the degree of ionization of the dye molecule.The effect of pH on the amount of MB adsorbed onto fruit pulp was investigated over the pH range from 2 to 12. amount of dye adsorbed per unit mass of the adsorbent increased with increase in the initial concentration up to 25 mg/L. The When the of the solution was 2-6, the sorption of methylene blue was slightly weaker than at pH 6-12 due to poor dissociation of carboxyl Groups. The qe was found to increase with increasing pH. Optimal pH was determind 9. This can be on the basis of a decrease in competition between positively charged H and MB for surface sites and also by decrease in positive surface charge on the adsorbent, which results in a lower electrostatic repulsion between the surface and MB. SEM is one of the useful tools to examine the surface morphology of the biosorbent the SEM micrograph shows that the surface of GFP was porous.FTIR analysis showed that the main functional sites taking part in the sorption of MB included carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. Adsorption data are most commonly represented by the equilib-rium isotherm value, which is a plot of the quantity of the sorbate removed per unit sorbent (qeq) as the solid phase concentration of the sorbent against the concentration of the sorbate in the liq-uid phase (Ceq). The equilibrium isotherm value is of fundamental importance for the design and optimization of the adsorption sys-tem for the removal of a dye from an aqueous solution. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the most appropriate correlation for the equilibrium curve. Several isotherm models have been used to predict validity of the experimental data. The Langmuir isotherm is based on the assumption of monolayer adsorption on a structurally homogeneous adsorbent, where all the adsorption sites are identical and energetically equivalent, wherein the adsorption occurs at specific homogeneous sites within the adsorbent, and once a dye molecule occupies a site no further adsorption can take place at that site. The results indicate that the data for adsorption of dye (R2= 0/9738) fitted well with Langmuir isotherm. Studies suggest that GFP can be effectively used as a cost-effective adsorbent for removal of MB from aqueous solution. Batch adsorption studies show that removal is dependent upon process parameters like pH, sorbate and sorbent concentrations and contact time. The experimental equilibrium sorption data obtained from batch studies at optimized conditions fit well to Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation, indicating monolayer adsorption. FTIR analysis showed that the main functional sites taking part in the sorption of CV included carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. The number of experiments decreased of 256 to 64 by Taguchi method. Based on this that many textile industrial waste waters have an alkaline pH(8-12),this adsorbent can be used instead of effective compound. The present work shows that GFP is an efficient sorbents for the removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution and it may be an alternative to more costly sorbents such as activated carbon. The Taguchi method was efficient manner for optimizing process.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Wastwwater
Taguchi
Natural sorbent
Grapefruit
textile
1- Saeed,A.Sharif,M.Iqbal,M.(2010).Application potential of grapefruit peel as dye sorbent: kinetics,equilibrium and mechanism of crystal violate dsorption.Journal of Hazardous Materials.179.pp564-572.##
2- Wang, Z., Xue, M., Huang, K., & Liu, Z. (2011). Textile dyeing wastewater treatment. Advances in Treating Textile Effluent, 91-116.##
3-Ghanayan, M.Ghonyzadeh, Gh.Ghlami, M.Ghadari Nasab, F. (2009). Application of egg shell as a natural absorbent in the removal of reactive paint 123 from synthetic sewage. Medical Journal of the East. Number 4. Pages 25-34.(In Persian)##
4-Rangabhashiyam,S.Anu,N.Selvaraju,N.(2013). Sequestration of dye from textile industry wastewater using agricultural waste products as adsorbents.Journal of Environmental chemical Engineering.(1).pp611-629.##
5- Jamalinezhad, M.Ta'bi, A.Mertazavi, M. (2011). The use of dolomite waste as an adsorbent in the treatment of wastewater containing textile dyes. Water and sewage sludge. number 4. Pages 30-36 (in Persian)##
6- Boujaady, H., Mourabet, M., Bennani-Ziatni, M., & Taitai, A. (2013). Adsorption/desorption of Direct Yellow 28 on apatitic phosphate: Mechanism, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Basic and Applied Sciences.‌vol 16.64-73.##
7-Gurses,A.Dogar,C.Ylcin,M.Acikyildlz,M.Bayrak,R. Karaca,S.(2006).The adsorption kinetics of the cationic dye, Methylene blue, onto clay.Journal Hazardous material B 131.PP 217-228.##
8- Kumar, S., Gunasekar, V., & Ponnusami, V. (2013). Removal of methylene blue from aqueous effluent using fixed bed of groundnut shell powder. Journal of Chemistry.##
9-Mirahsani, A. Badi, AS Shahbazi, A. Hashemi Nejad, e. Sartaj, M. (2014). Optimization of Malachite Green Absorption on NH2-SBA-15 Nano-Absorber with Qualitek-4 Software by Taguchi Test Design: Isotherm, Kinetics and Thermodynamics Study. Water and Wastewater Journal. Number 6. Volume 25. Page 10-19 (in Persian)##
10-kafi, d Ganjidost, h Iyat b 1390. Removal of dye from aqueous solution with soil sawn and clay bentonite. Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol. 11, No. 3. P. 67-125. (in Persian)##
11-Teymourian motlagh, S. (2014). Examining the potential of lemon and orange residue in removing methylene blue from wastewater. Master's thesis. Yazd University. (In Persian)##
12-Bazrafshan,A.Kordmostafapor,f.(2012). Evaluation of the removal of methylene blue from methanol from aqueous solutions using Persica seedlings. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences. (4). Pages 523-532. (In Persian)##
13- Abedi, J. (2012). Surface absorption, article indexed on the official website of Dr. Jahangir Abedi Koopani. (In Persian)##
14- Abbaspour, M. (1389). environmental engineering. First volume. Academic Press, Islamic Azad University, 322. (in Persian)##
15- Han, R., Wang, Y., Yu, W., Zou, W., Shi, J., & Liu, H. (2007). Biosorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution by rice husk in a fixed-bed column.Journal of hazardous materials, 141(3), 713-718.##
16- Kumar, K. V. (2006). Linear and non-linear regression analysis for the sorption kinetics of methylene blue onto activated carbon. Journal of hazardous materials, 137(3), 1538-1544.##
17-Mahdavi,A.OmidM.kashfypor.M.(2010).study theoretical and experimental methods of linearization equation order kinetics absorption. water and soil research Ayran.shmarh 41.265-272 .. (in Persian)##
18- Hii, S. L., Yong, S. Y., & Wong, C. L. (2009). Removal of rhodamine B from aqueous solution by sorption on Turbinaria conoides (Phaeophyta). Journal of applied phycology, 21(5), 625-631.##
19- Lima, E. C., Royer, B., Vaghetti, J. C., Simon, N. M., da Cunha, B. M., Pavan, F. A., ... & Airoldi, C. (2008). Application of Brazilian pine-fruit shell as a biosorbent to removal of reactive red 194 textile dye from aqueous solution: kinetics and equilibrium study. Journal of hazardous materials, 155(3), 536-550.##
20. Mhmdmhmvdy, N. (2013).bleaching wastewater are browsing on Sthy.nshryh absorbed by the process .scientific-research studies in the world of color. (3) 0.51 to 62 . (in Persian)##
21- Crini, G. (2006). Non-conventional low-cost adsorbents for dye removal: a review. Bioresource technology, 97(9), 1061-1085.##
22- Bailey, S. E., Olin, T. J., Bricka, R. M., & Adrian, D. D. (1999). A review of potentially low-cost sorbents for heavy metals. Water research, 33(11), 2469-2479##
23. Ansari, R. Mohammad-Kah, AS. Alaei S. (2011). Removal of Congo Red Anionic Dye from Aqueous Solutions Using Polyaniline Modified Saw: Examining isotherm and absorption kinetics. Scientific and Research Journal of Color Science and Technology. No. 5 Pages 344-335 (in Persian)##
24- Hameed, B. H., & Ahmad, A. A. (2009). Batch adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution by garlic peel, an agricultural waste biomass. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 164(2), 870-875.##
25- Rahman, M. A., Amin, S. R., & Alam, A. S. (2012). Removal of Methylene Blue from Waste Water Using Activated Carbon Prepared from Rice Husk. Dhaka University Journal of Science, 60(2), 185-189.##
26- Temdrara, L., Khelifi, A., & Addoun,) 2013).A. Study of Methylene Blue Dye Adsorption on to Activated Carbons from Olive Stones.‌International Journal of Chemical,Materials Science and Engineering:7 No:10.386-388.##
27- Attia, A. A., Girgis, B. S., & Fathy, N. A. (2008). Removal of methylene blue by carbons derived from peach stones by H3PO4activation: Batch and column studies. Dyes and Pigments, 76(1), 282-289.‌##
28- Weng, C. H., Lin, Y. T., & Tzeng, T. W. (2009). Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution by adsorption onto pineapple leaf powder. Journal of hazardous materials, 170(1), 417-424.##
29-Guzel,F.Aksoy,O.Akkaya,G.(2012).Application of Pomegranate(Punica granatum)Pulp as new biosorbent for the Removal of a Model Basic Dye(Methylene Blue).world Applied Sciences Journal 20(7):965-975.##
30- Reddy, M. S. (2006). Removal of direct dye from aqueous solutions with an adsorbent made from tamarind fruit shell, an agricultural solid waste. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 65(5), 443##
31- Badiyah,kh Lymaei,N.Tehrani, A.Shafei,D.(2004). Application of the Taguchi Design Method to Optimize the Coloring Condition of Textile Wastes Using the Natural Absorber of Orange Skin. 9th Iranian Chemical Engineering Congress. Science and Technology University. (In Persian)##
32-Momind, A., Shahin, A., Navrchihan, A. (2011). Comparison of design experiments with Taguchi and Traditional and Shinin methods: a case study. Industrial Engineering Journal, 45 (2), 209-220. (In Persian)##
33-Tirgar, A.Glebayev, F. Allah Nouri, K. Salehi M. Shah Taheri, J. (2006). Identification of the factors affecting the determination of six-volume chromium density using Taguchi's experimental design. Eighth article. Number three Page 11-20 (in Persian)##
34-Jafarzadeh, h. F N A. Mehrabani M., Prophet, p. N R., God, b. A. (2009). Optimization of Mobile Bonding Reactor (MBBR) using Taguchi Method. Health and Environment Journal, Volume 2 (1), 15-1 (in Persian)##
35- Roy, Roy Translation: Moradkhani, d. Taqavi, F. (2007). Introduction to Taguchi Test Design. Zanjan University Press. 212. (in Persian)##
36-Mohamad Mahmoodi,B.Hayati,M.Arami.(2011). Dye removal from colored textile wastewater using Pine Cone.Color Science and Technology.5.243-251.##
37. Ebrahimzadeh, M. Azad Bakhat, M. (2006). Pectin extraction and comparison of efficiency, degrees of estrification and percentage of galacturonic acid in some citrus skin. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Volume 16. Number 54. 52-59 (in Persian)##
38. Mesbahi, Gh. Jamalian, J. (2002). Extraction of pectin from beet oil and its application in agricultural products. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. Sixth volume Second Issue. 125-137 (in Persian)##
39- Pavan,F.Mazzocato,A.Gushikem,Y.(2008).Removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution by adsorption using yellow passion fruit peel as adsorbent.Bioresource technology, 99.3162-3165##
40- Moussavi,Gh. Khosravi,R.( 2011). The removal of cationic dyes from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto pistachio hull waste. chemical engineering research and design, 89, pp. 2182–2189##
41-Vucurovic,V. Razmovski,R. Miljic,D. Puskas,V.( 2014).Removal of cationic and anionic azo dyes from aqueous solutions by adsorption on maize stem tissue. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 45,pp.1700-1708##
42- Almasi, AS.Deriha, AS.Sharpi, K.Mohamoodi, M. (2010). Evaluation of the efficiency of walnut processed pulp in removing methylene blue from wastewater. First National Student Conference Social Health Effects. Tehran (in Persian)##
43- Zare, M. Emaadi, M.Iranpour, M.Lari, R. (2014).Determination of methylene blue removal of polluted water by corn cobs as a cheap exhaust gas. New materials. IV. Number four Page 81-98 (in Persian)##
44- Ramavandi, B.Illi, M. Investigation of Shrimp Shell Efficiency in Removal of Methylene Color from Meals (2014). Journal of Health and Health. Fifth Edition. Fourth Dimension. Page 310-325. (In Persian)##
مهندسی عمران مدرس
دوره 18، شماره 1
خرداد و تیر 1397
صفحه 55-67